Ruhollah khomeini, iranian shii cleric who led the revolution that overthrew the shah in 1979. Imam khomeini believes, therefore, that islamic legislative power. He notes that only trained islamic clerics, who are knowledgeable of islamic law may be the top government leaders. The second is the duty of the religious scholars the fuqaha to bring about an islamic state. This book, islamic government, is one of the most influential. A sukuk is an islamic financial certificate, similar to a bond in western finance, that complies with sharia islamic religious law. How sukuk islamic bonds differ from conventional bonds. The late martyr murtada mutahhari, by way of depicting ruhullah the spirit of god, says that he was the extract and digest of faith. Imam khomeini sought strong bond between people and army. This book, islamic government, is one of the most influential works of imam khomeini. The revolution placed iran at the forefront of middle east politics and the islamic. Sayyid ruhollah musavi khomeini 19021989 was, of course, the islamic cleric who returned from 15 years of exile in paris in 1979 to spark the iranian revolution, overthrowing the last shah of iran, and then becoming irans supreme leader.
Andrew young, the chief united states delegate to the united nations, praised islam yesterday as a vibrant cultural force in todays world and said that ayatollah ruhobah khomeini, the. Ayatollah ruhollah khomeini, who died saturday at age 86, was an austere and uncompromising shiite moslem religious leader who overthrew the shah of iran, humiliated the united states, waged a. While the islamic revolution came to a great cost blood flowed in the streets of many iranian cities before imam khomeini could manifest the governance of the jurist into reality, the pull it has had ever since stands testimony of its worth. New disclosures tighten isnamuslim brotherhood bonds. Imam khomeinis movement, the idea of establishing an islamic government based. He founded the iri on the basis of the theory of the regency of the jurist wiliayatefaqih, which is partly argued in this work. This extraordinary book is the first to analyze the ideological roots of an islamic state as conceived by khomeini. Bonds which represent a commitment to pay the face value plus interest, or conditional benefits, are haraam according to shareeah, whether one is buying, selling or handling them, because they are considered to be interestbased loans. Governance of the jurist which was published while khomeini was in exile in 1970, smuggled into iran, and distributed to khomeini s supporters. As long as they obey the rules and regulations of the islamic government under which they live and do not do anything contrary to the treaty, their rule will be the same as that of muahids, those who have a peace treaty with the islamic state.
Iran and khomeini are poorly understood by many in the west. This book contains lectures on jurisprudence delivered to his students in 19691970. The first is the necessity for the establishment and maintenance of islamic political power for islamic goals, precepts, and criteria. Ruhollah rouhollah mousavi khomeini was born on 24 september 1902, he is the founder of the islamic republic of iran. A critical introduction to khomeini as the architect of the iranian revolution of 1979, ayatollah ruhollah khomeini remains one of the most inspirational and enigmatic fi gures of the twentieth century. Ayatollah khomeinis political theory and public interest mohsen kadivar duke university ayatollah khomeini 190289 was one of the most influential muslim leaders in the.
Its extravagance leads to debt, which leads to subservience to foreigners. Since its inception, the islamic government was afflicted with the jews when they started. The book is really broken into two parts the first half is a series of essays written by the ayatollah about politics and islam. Velayate faqih, also known as islamic government, is a book by the iranian muslim cleric, faqih, and revolutionary ayatollah ruhollah khomeini, first published in 1970, and probably the most influential document written in modern times in support of theocratic rule. Im going to be refuting this book systematically and show that not only does khomeini have an essential contradiction in his lectures, but that the ayatollah and revolution leader ignores majority of clear texts regarding this, and twists unclear ones in. Young praises islam as vibrant and calls the ayatollah.
Velayate faqih also known as islamic government is a book by the iranian muslim cleric, faqih. The fundamental difference between islamic government, on the one hand, and constitutional monarchy and republics, on the other, is this. By amr ge sabet, dalarna university edited by arshin adib. Irans revolution is not that of the iranian people but that of islam. Khomeini s method gives political leadershipin the absence of the divinely inspired imamto the faqih, advocacy by khomeini. Khomeini was a marja source of emulation in twelver shia islam, a mujtahid or faqih an expert in sharia and author of more than 40 books, but he is primarily known for his political activities. Khomeini in the early 1970s in a series of lectures on velayate faqih later.
The book hostage to khomeini, written by robert dreyfuss in 1980, explains specifically how the progressive proamerican shah of iran was covertly overthrown in 1979 by the global political elite, being replaced with the brutal ayatollah khomeini who was installed as controlled opposition in order to intentionally wreck progress in the country and drag it back to the dark ages. Khomeini also said in his book the islamic government, the teachings of the imams are like the teachings of the quran. From very beginning of the victory of the islamic revolution, imam khomeini took very serious steps to form strong armed forces which can defend the country and divine ideals. They do not apply to one particular generation, but rather to everyone in every age and place until the day of judgment. The islamic government was clearly defined by khomeini in his book hokumate islami. Does the rule of dhimmi apply to the people of the book who live in islamic countries. Ayatollah khomeini was the leader of the islamic republic of iran in 1979 and was later named the eternal religious and political leader of iran. Governance of the jurist ayatullah ruhullah almusawi al khomeini xkp published. Current constitution set in place after the 1979 revolution set up the current theologically oriented government of iran. Khomeini explains that an islamic government based upon the doctrines contained in the quran, the hadith, and the sharia, must eventually overthrow any kingoriented or secular government. A critical introduction to khomeini book, 2014 worldcat. Khomeini s antijewish attitude is displayed in the opening paragraphs of the foreword to the book. The governance of the jurist how iran was restored under.
As the architect of the iranian revolution of 1979, ayatollah khomeini remains one of the most inspirational and enigmatic figures of the twentieth century. Hairi hadith hasan heirs holders of authority husayn imam khomeini imam rida imperialism imperialists implement institutions of islam iran islamic government islamic law jafar jizyah judge jurist justice kharaj khums knowledge kulayni laws of islam leader leadership mashhad. This ruling means that islamic investors have the right to receive a share of profits from the sukuks underlying asset. The constitution of iran calls for a faqih, or valiye faqih guardian jurist, to serve as the supreme leader of the government. Bibliography of irans islamic revolution, english books, unit2 bibliography of irans islamic revolution, english books unit 3 bibliography of irans islamic revolution, english books unit 4. Khomeini spends a large part of his book explaining why islamic government had not yet been. Program for the establishment of an islamic government islamic government the book probably the best known of imam khomeini s works, the book islamic government originated in a series of lectures given at najaf between january 21 and february 8, 1970. Pdf international relations in the making of political islam. We begin with the bestknown work of imam khomeini, his lectures on islamic government, and then proceed to offer a selection of his speeches and declarations, which, chronologically arranged, form an outline documentary history of the islamic revolution. Check out the new look and enjoy easier access to your favorite features. Gods hadith heart holders of authority human husayn imam khomeini imperialism imperialists implement institutions iran iranian islamic government islamic republic islamic revolution israel judge. This translation is based on a series of lectures given at najaf between january 21 and february 8 islamic government. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. The lectures were recorded and transcribed by a student, and then published in book form.
The islamic fiqh council has researched the matter of dealing in bonds and issued the following statement. In addition to the regular requirement such as intelligence and prudence, there are two principal prerequisites for the ruler. This is the book that is the original thesis on which the islamic republic of iran is founded. The goals of ending poverty, corruption, national debt, or compelling unislamic government to capitulate before the islamic. His active opposition to the shah, his theories of islamic governance, and his networking while in exile helped foster the islamic republic in 1979 and earn him the position of irans leader until his death in 1989. Wilayat alfaqih and the meaning of islamic government. The justification for irans mixed system of government can be found in the concept of velayate faqih, as expounded by ayatollah ruhollah khomeini, the first leader of postrevolutionary iran. This book originated in a series of lectures given at najaf between january 21 and february 8, 1970.
The key characteristic of sukuk the fact that they grant partial ownership in the underlying asset is considered shariacompliant. He spent more than 15 years in exile for his opposition to the last shah. Refuting the book islamic government series of lectures of khomeini october 21, 2018 at 6. Israel and any other country they deem as an enemy of islam. International affairs department the institute for compilation and publication of imam khomeini s works. Political islam and its recent violent biproducts first became the focus of international attention following the success of the 1979 iranian revolution led by the ayatollah khomeini. The present book, governance of the jurist, including relevant footnotes and.
The position of women from the viewpoint of imam khomeini. Refuting the book islamic government series of lectures. The book argues that government should be run in accordance with traditional islamic law, and for this to happen a leading islamic jurist must provide political guardianship over the people and nation. It was this very faith which, bravely and intuitively, spoke of the decline of communism, and of the need of the contemporary critical world for gnostic spirituality, the spirituality which he himself was its actual personification and crystallization. These are followed by two interviews that imam khomeini granted me. A critical introduction to khomeini edited by arshin adibmoghaddam february 2014.
An important part of the book deals with the difference between an islamic government and other types of governments, pointing out that the islamic government is a special kind of constitutional government that is anchored on the islamic laws. The idea of guardianship as rule was advanced by the ayatollah ruhollah khomeini in a series of lectures in 1970 and now forms the basis of the constitution of the islamic republic of iran. The book argues that government should be run in accordance with traditional islamic law, and for this to happen a leading islamic jurist must. Ayatollah khomeinis political theory and public interest.